Bertrand Russell was born in 1872 and died in 1970. One of the most influential figures of the twentieth century, he transformed philosophy and can lay claim to being one of the greatest philosophers of all time. He was a Nobel Prize winner for Literature and was imprisoned several times as a result of his pacifism. His views on religion, education, sex, politics and many
Bertrand Russell was born in 1872 and died in 1970. One of the most influential figures of the twentieth century, he transformed philosophy and can lay claim to being one of the greatest philosophers of all time. He was a Nobel Prize winner for Literature and was imprisoned several times as a result of his pacifism. His views on religion, education, sex, politics and many other topics, made him one of the most read and revered writers of the age. This, his autobiography, is one of the most compelling and vivid ever written.
This one-volume, compact paperback edition contains an introduction by the politician and scholar, Michael Foot, which explores the status of this classic nearly 30 years after the publication of the final volume.
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Paperback
,
749 pages
Published
March 10th 2000
by Routledge
(first published January 1st 1950)
The most memorable sentence is definitely "I went out bicycling one afternoon and, suddenly, as I was riding along a country road, I realized that I no longer loved Alys". He immediately went home and told her about his unexpected discovery.
I can't imagine anyone writing this who wasn't a mathematician. (I know a lot of mathematicians). As Tom Stoppard comments in
The Real Thing
: "He's cycling along, and what happens? He falls off the bike? No, he realizes he no longer loves his wife!"
I was goin
The most memorable sentence is definitely "I went out bicycling one afternoon and, suddenly, as I was riding along a country road, I realized that I no longer loved Alys". He immediately went home and told her about his unexpected discovery.
I can't imagine anyone writing this who wasn't a mathematician. (I know a lot of mathematicians). As Tom Stoppard comments in
The Real Thing
: "He's cycling along, and what happens? He falls off the bike? No, he realizes he no longer loves his wife!"
I was going to finish the review here, but I just made a realization myself. I was given this book as a present, when I was 19 years old, by a fairly well-known mathematician. I'd been dating his daughter, and we had broken up a few weeks earlier. It had been quite a serious thing for both of us. Now I wonder whether he meant anything in particular by giving me the book. He's a very deep guy. I see him occasionally (I am still good friends with my one-time girlfriend), but I don't think I'd dare ask him.
I'm surprised I didn't think about this until now.
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Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy – ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought i
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy – ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness – that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what – at last – I have found.
With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.
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Some 45 years ago whenever I saw this formidable memoir by one of the great thinkers, philosophers, mathematicians, etc. in the 20th century I thought I would never finish reading it due to its presumably complex narrations as well as highly academic terms used normally by those world famous intellectuals everywhere. However, in 2002 something called fortune (or fate?) dictated to change my conviction when I came across this oldish, brownish paperback at the UQ flea market one morning and I deci
Some 45 years ago whenever I saw this formidable memoir by one of the great thinkers, philosophers, mathematicians, etc. in the 20th century I thought I would never finish reading it due to its presumably complex narrations as well as highly academic terms used normally by those world famous intellectuals everywhere. However, in 2002 something called fortune (or fate?) dictated to change my conviction when I came across this oldish, brownish paperback at the UQ flea market one morning and I decided to buy it (AUD 7.50) and then wondered if I could read it till the end.
Since then I read some of his books, for instance, 'Conquest of Happiness,' 'In Praise if Idleness,' 'Fact and Fiction' (unfinished) etc. and, surprisingly, found most of his narrative descriptions humble, readable and understandable. One of the reasons is that, I think, he's applied his formidable wisdom on logic in his writings. In other words, he's wisely written in those logical terms, sequences, examples, etc. so that, fortunately, his readers worldwide could and still can enjoy reading his innumerable titles you can find/order from any good bookstores in your countries. As for those unfamiliar with him, you may read his biography in the wikipedia website first and you may start any Part/Chapter you prefer in 'Fact and Fiction' (Routlege 2010, first edition published by Allen & Unwin 1961) as follows: [Chapter titles in Part I only]
PART I Books that Influenced Me in Youth
1 The Importance of Shelly
2 The Romance of Revolt
3 Revolt in the Abstract
4 Disgust and Its Antidote
5 An Education in History
6 The Pursuit of Truth
PART II Politics and Education
...
PART III Divertissements
...
PART IV Peace and War
...
While reading his books, I normally have a pencil to mark, tick, underline, question, etc. as well as take notes of some interesting terms/ideas/phrases, etc. For example, I found this sentence enlightening, wondered how it could be and thought if it could be doable.
And we laughed consumedly -- sometimes about nothing at all . (p. 559)
I mean the adverb, 'consumedly' since I've never read/found it anywhere till I read him.
This autobiography has three parts: 1872-1914 (7 Chapters), 1914-1944 (6 Chapters) and 1944-1967 (4 Chapters). You may read the text in each chapter first since every chapter (except Chapter 1) is followed by various letters from himself, from/to his friends/dignitaries, as well as articles, speeches, leaflets, etc.
When I was in my twenties studying in Bangkok, I vaguely recall seeing him sometime on television or newspapers as an oldish activist. I kept wondering why he still kept doing so in such a great old age, therefore, when I read his biography his fame's since commanded my awe-inspiring admiration and respect as one of the great scholars whom I can keep reading and applying his wisdom in my life.
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One may hypothesize that all works of philosophy are in essence works of self-reflection. From blatant examples such as Augustine's "Confessions" to more subtle parts of Descartes' "Meditations," philosophers have often used their own experiences to help us understand the world we live in. In this sense, we can contrast to the former works the works of philosophers such as Aristotle or Heidegger who shy away from using the first person and deal with subject matters not only strictly of interest
One may hypothesize that all works of philosophy are in essence works of self-reflection. From blatant examples such as Augustine's "Confessions" to more subtle parts of Descartes' "Meditations," philosophers have often used their own experiences to help us understand the world we live in. In this sense, we can contrast to the former works the works of philosophers such as Aristotle or Heidegger who shy away from using the first person and deal with subject matters not only strictly of interest to the writer, but which seek to gain popular understanding. Bertrand Russell is a curious mixture of the two approaches. His committment to objectivity and to rigorous thought that is arguably impossible without a certain degree of "common ground" frequently seems to overshadow his own subjectivist foundations in which he approaches the questions of philosophy. In what is perhaps the most powerful two pages of the book, at the introduction, Russell outlines three primary principles that have motivitated him to do what he did in life. In a sense, then, the autobiography provides the reader with comforting answers as to why anybody would wish to live such an amazing life. In this sense, it is perhaps Russell's most self-reflective work of philosophy. The book is entertaining, the stories enjoyable, and the message deeply profound: how Russell came to appreciate the fields that he was interested in, and how he found the principles that guided his life. He had also been kind enough, in the edition I read, to include copies of letters of correspondence and pages from his diary as a youth. While this may have been motivated by a less-than-humble desire to provide future scholars with primary source material to study himself, they are themselves works of philosophy, and many of the doubts about life Russell struggled with as a youth strike a chord in all of us. Indeed, Russell's Autobiography is an entertaining and personally illuminating approach to one of the most fundamental philosophical questions of how one's life is to be lead.
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The Founding Fathers obviously placed a high value on happiness or they wouldn't have insisted on pursuit of it as a basic right in a major American document. Bertrand Russell, who already as an adolescent was trying to reconcile the meaning of life and the role of reason, adopted a Millian (if that's a word) premise to "act in a manner. . . to be most likely to produce the greatest happiness, considering both the intensity of the happiness and the number of people made happy." In The Autobiogra
The Founding Fathers obviously placed a high value on happiness or they wouldn't have insisted on pursuit of it as a basic right in a major American document. Bertrand Russell, who already as an adolescent was trying to reconcile the meaning of life and the role of reason, adopted a Millian (if that's a word) premise to "act in a manner. . . to be most likely to produce the greatest happiness, considering both the intensity of the happiness and the number of people made happy." In The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell, volume I, Conscience, he argued, was too dependent upon education, a product a evolution and education, and therefore "it is an absurdity to follow that rather than reason." The inherited part "can only be principles leading to the preservation of the species" and the education part of conscience is derived from the same imparted wisdom that "made Bloody Mary burn the Protestants." Russell was good friends with Alfred Whitehead who was a teacher and mentor to him, although in later years to parted on aspects of their philosophies. He perceived Whitehead as having the qualities of a perfect teacher: "He took a interest in those with whom he had to deal and knew both their strong and weak points. He would elicit from a pupil the best of which a pupil was capable. He was never repressive, or sarcastic or any of those things that inferior teachers like to be. I think that in all the abler young men with whom he came in contact, he inspired, as he did in me, a very real and lasting affection."
Russell's comments about people he met and his friends were amusingly perspicacious. "My impression of the old families of Philadelphia Quakers was that they had all the effeteness of a small aristocracy. Old misers of ninety would sit brooding over their hoard while their children of sixty or seventy waited for their death with what patience they could command. Various forms of mental disorder appeared common. Those who must be accounted sane were apt to be very stupid."
It was while in the midst of writing his great Principia Mathematica that he had a revelation that was to alter his life. Alfred Whitehead's wife was in severe pain from a heart condition and while attending to her he came to the following reflections: "the loneliness of the human soul in unendurable; nothing can penetrate it except the highest intensity of the sort that religious teachers have preached; whatever does not spring from this motive is harmful, or at best war is wrong, that a public school [the English public school is the equivalent of an American private school:] is abominable, that the use of force is to be deprecated, and that in relations one should penetrate to the core of loneliness in each person and speak to that. . . . cared only for exactness and analysis, I found myself filled with semi-mystical feelings about beauty, with an intense interest in children, and with some desire almost as profound as that of the Buddha to find some philosophy which should make life endurable."
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One of the funniest books I've ever read - partially intended by Russell, partly unintentional, which makes it even funnier. Don't wait until you are 60 as I did or 90 as my father did to read it (although the dirty bits are wonderfully enjoyable to a 90-year-old man, should you ever be at a loss for what to read to him. Particularly funny is Russell's upbringing (by the much-younger wife of his grandfather, the former PM, and his aunt - who are masters of guilt-induction, sexual guilt and rando
One of the funniest books I've ever read - partially intended by Russell, partly unintentional, which makes it even funnier. Don't wait until you are 60 as I did or 90 as my father did to read it (although the dirty bits are wonderfully enjoyable to a 90-year-old man, should you ever be at a loss for what to read to him. Particularly funny is Russell's upbringing (by the much-younger wife of his grandfather, the former PM, and his aunt - who are masters of guilt-induction, sexual guilt and random rules of conduct (Don't you know that you should never talk about any fractions except halves and quarters? - it is pedantic!" she told little Bertrand. "How like his father!: she said, turning to my Aunt Maude.") Russell slyly boasts about his sexcapades, apologizes for criticizing his first wife ("my self-righteousness at the time seems to me in retrospect to be repulsive") before sharing at length with the reader the "substantial grounds for my criticisms." There are wonderful encounters with Santayana (who wanted to get his underwear from his Paris apartment before the Boche destroyed the city, and with it the Parisians and a ms Santayana had been working on for 10 years ("I care more for my underwear"), of Joseph Conrad, the man whom BR most admired and thought resembled him (hah!), DH Lawrence (BH gives a vivid picture of what it was like to be the object of DHL's sudden crazes), Whitehead, Ottoline Morrell, TS Eliot (he hints at an affaire between himself and Vivienne), Wittgenstein, and many others. He comes across as sound on Lenin and Bolshevism ("a new aristocracy even more cruel than the old one, but in this case the artistocrats are a group of Americanized Russian Jews"), explains his opposition to WWI, support for WWII and suggestion that the US nuke the USSR in 1948.
Most of all it shows how a brilliant man can waste the vast majority of his life trying to persaude others to change their minds about politics.
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Reading this book one can't help but feel that education is everything and that as much as you put in the eduction of a boy, it will come back to you. People in Russell's days were well-educated. I love how he talked about his aunts and grandmother and the kind of books they liked to read. These women were by no means baby machines but they are the reason we have a genius like Russell and his kind today. It is such wonderful to see his sense of humor and his witty comments here and there. He lea
Reading this book one can't help but feel that education is everything and that as much as you put in the eduction of a boy, it will come back to you. People in Russell's days were well-educated. I love how he talked about his aunts and grandmother and the kind of books they liked to read. These women were by no means baby machines but they are the reason we have a genius like Russell and his kind today. It is such wonderful to see his sense of humor and his witty comments here and there. He learned languages at such an early age and he was indeed addicted to learning, to Mathematics out of all things! such autobiographies are really inspirational and I can read them over and over again.
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I read this book because I wanted to find the impetus behind the passions of such a relentless activist for Peace and Logic. Russell is one of my favorite philosophers. And this books fairly describes the values he held dear, and the events that effected his intellectual development. I find it hard to write about him. He is very raw and open about himself, just the way he is about everything else. the chapters about his early life are most charming and very engrossing. This is a fine book for an
I read this book because I wanted to find the impetus behind the passions of such a relentless activist for Peace and Logic. Russell is one of my favorite philosophers. And this books fairly describes the values he held dear, and the events that effected his intellectual development. I find it hard to write about him. He is very raw and open about himself, just the way he is about everything else. the chapters about his early life are most charming and very engrossing. This is a fine book for anyone interested in the philosophy of Russell or in him as person. His attitude towards love is admirable. This quote is how he ends his autobiography.
"I have lived in the pursuit of a vision both personal and social.
Personal:To care for what is noble, what is beautiful, for what is gentle.
Social:To see in imagination the society that is to be created, where individuals grow freely, and where hate and greed and envy die because there is nothing to nourish them. These things I believe, and the world, for all its horrors, has left me unshaken."
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The first two volumes are the best, very good reading.
The third volume is quite a bit dryer, and doesn't have the personal details that make the other volumes so interesting. Still, I recommend the whole thing very highly.
This is one of the great autobiographies of all time, for its clarity and candor, for its amazing scope, for its cast of interesting characters. Russell was driven by logic. He could see the illogic, the absurdities, in the way the world operated. His refusal to compromise with those absurdities made him conspicuous, made him a great man. He believed that human suffering could best be relieved by putting the world on a logical, a rational, basis. But the world did not understand, still does not
This is one of the great autobiographies of all time, for its clarity and candor, for its amazing scope, for its cast of interesting characters. Russell was driven by logic. He could see the illogic, the absurdities, in the way the world operated. His refusal to compromise with those absurdities made him conspicuous, made him a great man. He believed that human suffering could best be relieved by putting the world on a logical, a rational, basis. But the world did not understand, still does not understand. Like most people ahead of their time, he was punished for his efforts.
My notebooks are rich with quotations from these three volumes. Whether your interest is psychology, education, war and peace, history, literature, whatever, you will find much food for thought in these books.
Following each section in this book are some of the correspondence from the time period. I found the letters to be the most challenging part of the book. On one hand, I understand that they are an important component. And some of the letters truly illuminated what had been described by Russell earlier in the text. I especially enjoyed the letters to Russell from his grandmother and aunt. Masters of the guilt trip they are! On the other hand, some of them weren't interesting to me at all. Midway
Following each section in this book are some of the correspondence from the time period. I found the letters to be the most challenging part of the book. On one hand, I understand that they are an important component. And some of the letters truly illuminated what had been described by Russell earlier in the text. I especially enjoyed the letters to Russell from his grandmother and aunt. Masters of the guilt trip they are! On the other hand, some of them weren't interesting to me at all. Midway through the book, I was so distracted by the letters that I decided that I'd have to give the book two stars. But then I read the final section, and I had to change my mind. Russell's depiction of his friendship with Joseph Conrad was beautiful and fascinating.
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"Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sough
"Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.
With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me. "
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All three volumes fascinating reading though I think first was best. I can't begin to follow his mathematical philosophy but you don't have to to enjoy the autobiog, which does not go into the latter. This man's role in stopping atmospheric testing puts him in my pantheon.
russell's prologue is exquisite, near perfect. a remarkable man.
"three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind...."
Few human beings have had the kind of life Bertrand Russell has had. He was a thinker, a philosopher, a mathematician, a progressive and an activist. As a journalist he has lived through some of the most important eras in human history and actually engaged with it to the point where he almost can be called proto-Gonzo. His writings are loaded with cleverness, witticism, and charm, and are relevant nearly a century after they were written. And to top it all off, he lived to be almost 100, so it w
Few human beings have had the kind of life Bertrand Russell has had. He was a thinker, a philosopher, a mathematician, a progressive and an activist. As a journalist he has lived through some of the most important eras in human history and actually engaged with it to the point where he almost can be called proto-Gonzo. His writings are loaded with cleverness, witticism, and charm, and are relevant nearly a century after they were written. And to top it all off, he lived to be almost 100, so it would be an understatement to say that he had a lot to write about. With that in mind, I expected Bertrand Russell’s autobiography to be the autobiography to end all autobiographies. And it might have been this unrealistically high bar which caused me to being so disappointed in this book.
It’s not that in his lengthy (over 700 pages!) autobiography doesn’t offer an interesting look back at the milestones of his life, it’s that such precious little of the book is actually devoted to this. In fact, it’s safe to say that Bertrand Russell’s autobiography consists mostly of letters he both wrote and received. Spanning the majority of his life (this autobiography was finished when Russell was at the ripe old age of 97–a year before he passed), this book is, as expected, full of anecdotes about his life and career. And indeed, it’s here that the book shines, as Russell is able to look back on these events mostly in a funny and entertaining way. The bad news is that at the end of each chapter we are inundated with page after page of letters (even those which other people wrote to him), which often outnumber the “autobiographical” section of the chapters themselves. These letters, on the other hand, are mostly boring as they focus on the minutia of his daily life, or are from individuals we don’t know or remember, or are about accounts we don’t care about. So it’s not that Bertrand Russell’s written autobiography is a boring book, it’s that he has supplemented the different eras of his life with tedious letters.
In addition, it’s interesting to notice what Russell has chosen to extrapolate on and talk about in depth, as there is very little here about his brother and grandmother’s deaths and his relationships after his first wife Alys: in short, anyone with whom he has had a strong personal relationship.
So after putting in so much effort, the reader feels cheated because we are dealing with the stories of one of history’s most interesting human beings. Russell’s Autobiography does indeed have shining moments, but unfortunately with the sheer amount of filler they come too few and far in between.
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Not only was Bertrand Russell a gentleman, he was a peer. In some cases this can be seen as stepping out of the frying pan into the fire. In Lord Russell's case, it just may have helped.
Apart from stating the obvious, that Bertrand Russell needs or should need little introduction, it is as well to say that his long life was spent, as far as it was public, in defending or promoting causes. Having gone to prison at a young age because he could not stomach the Kaiser's war (at least not quietly), h
Not only was Bertrand Russell a gentleman, he was a peer. In some cases this can be seen as stepping out of the frying pan into the fire. In Lord Russell's case, it just may have helped.
Apart from stating the obvious, that Bertrand Russell needs or should need little introduction, it is as well to say that his long life was spent, as far as it was public, in defending or promoting causes. Having gone to prison at a young age because he could not stomach the Kaiser's war (at least not quietly), he later returned, if only briefly, way off in the 1960s, defending the cause of CND (Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament) in Trafalgar Square. That's quite a bit of history to cover, all from the same angle. It seems he never regretted the stand he took, nor altered his views substantially over the decades. He either had to condemn war openly and publicly, or condemn man privately, which meant taking his own life, something he says he thought about very seriously and decided against. For all his faults, whatever they were, it's quite hard to fault him!
The autobiography allows us to accompany him through the bulk of the twentieth century and see the development of various movements worldwide, in which he was always involved, at least at the level of the heart, but often actively. He uses letters a good deal in this text, and these throw light on that outer world which was so often pulling in an almost opposite direction. Yet he had his friends and in the bad years when he was a political outcast, a pariah of sorts in his own college (Trinity College, Cambridge) there were always those who could see his point of view and respect it. He was a stubborn man and his stubbornness allowed him to hang on for much longer than most people would have bothered. In fact, it seems that he remained true to himself right to the end, and in the end, that is what gave him life. An interesting book about a lively intelligence, sometimes brilliantly displayed.
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On the surface, one would think that Bertrand Russell had everything a man could ever wish for. He was one of the most influential men of the 20th century. He had a brilliant mind and wrote books on a wide range of topics including mathematics, philosophy, education, politics, physics, China, bolshevism, theory of knowledge, religion, and atheism. He lectured in a number of universities and was awarded the Nobel Prize of Literature in 1950. Among his acquaintances were Joseph Conrad, Albert Eins
On the surface, one would think that Bertrand Russell had everything a man could ever wish for. He was one of the most influential men of the 20th century. He had a brilliant mind and wrote books on a wide range of topics including mathematics, philosophy, education, politics, physics, China, bolshevism, theory of knowledge, religion, and atheism. He lectured in a number of universities and was awarded the Nobel Prize of Literature in 1950. Among his acquaintances were Joseph Conrad, Albert Einstein, H.G. Wells, Kurt Gödel and Aldous Huxley. His financial means were enough for him to live comfortably, travel, and pursue his intellectual interests. And yet, in this autobiography one gets the impression that Russell was deeply unhappy throughout his life. He writes about himself as a lonely child and adolescent, and how he went through a number of failed marriages as an adult. His attempt to set up an experimental school for his children ended in deep disappointment.
His autobiography is full of sad memories from his youth that, I think, would not interest anybody except himself. I enjoyed reading his political observations as well as the letters he exchanged with Joseph Conrad and his other acquaintances. But apart from these highlights, this is, alas, not a very pleasant read.
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For most readers, Russell is well known for his work "A history of western philosophy". But the work that brought him the earliest fame is "Principia mathematica". In fact, Russell had extended his insights into many spectrum, which would be later revealed.
Intention to summarize the autobiography is fruitless, because Russell wrote it in such a plain language that the book's main themes are quite elusive. The word "plain" is a euphemism for "unsophisticated language but scattered thesis". None
For most readers, Russell is well known for his work "A history of western philosophy". But the work that brought him the earliest fame is "Principia mathematica". In fact, Russell had extended his insights into many spectrum, which would be later revealed.
Intention to summarize the autobiography is fruitless, because Russell wrote it in such a plain language that the book's main themes are quite elusive. The word "plain" is a euphemism for "unsophisticated language but scattered thesis". Nonetheless, I have spotted some very interesting and furtive aspects of Russell which average readers might be engrossed in.
****Childhood****
Russell was brought up by his grandmother, a matron with Victorian ethics. Unlike most of children, he lived his childhood mostly in solitude and loneliness, which, in my opinion, was due to his squeamish nature.
"Throughout the greater part of my childhood, the most important hours of my day were those that I spent alone in the garden, and the most vivid part of my existence was solitary. I seldom mentioned my more serious thoughts to others, and when I did I regretted it.” - It seemed to me that Russell found tranquility in the sanctuary of nature.
With such increasing sense of loneliness and of despair of ever meeting anyone with whom he could talk, Russell was rescued by nature and books and later math from complete despondency. In many cases, such as this one, it's perhaps without dubious to say that childhood interest development is often a harbinger of future success.
At first, Russell's complete interest and source of happiness and alacrity derived from nothing other than math. It became a genuine attraction to Russell that while his grandmother was concerned about his overworking and kept his hours short, Russell work in his bedroom on the sly with one candle. With Indigence coupled with interest, Russell later became very adroit at math. Next to math he loved history. Once Russell discovered that he was intelligent, he determined to achieve something of intellectual importance if it should be at all possible, and throughout his youth his ambition became so implacable that he let nothing whatever stand in its way. And to my surprise, such overwork and ambition were never excruciating and made Russell fretful.
His family also had laudable and profound influences on him. His grandmother was of great importance that she had in molding his outlook on life. She gave Russell a Bible with her favorite texts written on the fly-leaf: "Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil." Her emphasis upon this text leads Russell in later life to be not afraid of belonging to small minorities. His uncle had considerable knowledge about science. Pertinent conversation with him about updated science did a great deal to stimulate his scientific interests. His Aunt used to teach him English Constitutional history. Russell’s tutors and governors were voluble and competent in several languages, such as German, French and Italian.
****Sex Drive and Adolescence****
As Russell reached puberty, His incipient sexual desire caused him to consider himself as nefarious. He started to conduct introspection on himself, and realized that introspection is good because it is the only method of obtaining a great deal of important knowledge; it ought not to be condemned as sordid.
His rising and unsatisfied sex drives given rise to a great intensity of idealistic feeling, which he did not at that time recognized as sexual in origin. He became intensely steeped in the beauty of sunsets and clouds, and trees in spring and autumn with an interest that was of a very sentimental ilk, "owing to the fact that it was an unconscious sublimation of sex, and an attempt to escape from reality. "
As aesthetics being ubiquitous from his eyes, he started to engage other aesthetic objects - poetry, religion and philosophy works. He perused Mill's political economy and logic, and made elaborate abstract of them; he studied Carlyle with a good deal of interest, but with a complete repudiation of his excruciating and purely sentimental arguments in favour of religion. He read Gibbon, and Milman's History of Christianity, and Gulliver's Travels unexpurgated.
His sexual development was not precocious, but his view of intimate relationships started to appear of maturity. Russell believed that sex without deep love is beastly. Since his view was in irreconcilable conflict with the majority who disparaged such matured attitude, he desisted to speak up, recoiled and retired to himself, and had as little to do with the others as possible.
Throughout his time at Southgate high school, he was very much steeped in politics and economics. He perused Mill's Political Economy, which he accepted Mill’s arguments forthwith and completely; also Herbert Spencer, who seemed to him too inexorable in The Man Versus the State, although Russell broadly concurred with his bias.
He then read about Henry George, which convinced him that land nationalization would quell underlying issues raised by Socialists and secure all the benefits that they hoped to obtain from Socialism, and continued to hold this view until the war of 1914-1918. On Utilitarianism and metaphysics, his salient grandmother kindly discouraged him from the pursuit of them, since they would have wasted his talents.
****LIfe in Cambridge****
Cambridge was integral in his life through the fact that it gave him friends, and experience of intellectual discussion, but it was not important through the interminable drudgery of actural academic instruction.
Philosophy evolution of Russell was worthy of mentioning. Russell came into Cambridge with only knowledge of John Mill. Under the influence of his friend McTaggart, he soon became a Hegelian, but only for a short period of time. Then he derided both Kant and Hegel. (I don't really concur with Russell on this part...)
The greatest happiness and solace from unsociability that Russell had obtained in his time at Cambridge was the connection with a body whom its members knew as "The Society", but which outsiders, if they knew of it, called "The Apostles". It's a small discussion group, eschewing the mass, where top intellectuals of this university would secretly discuss all manner of things, no doubt with a certain immaturity, but with a detachment and interest scarcely possible in later life. He was inclined to think that the best intelligence of Cambridge has been notable in this respect.
In Cambridge, Russell acknowledgement of economic theories has been in effect questionable and his judgments had been inadvertent. He articulated that it seemed to him to be owing to Keynes that Britain had not suffered from large-scale unemployment in the Great Depression. He would go further and say that if Keynes theories had been adopted by financial authorities throughout the world the great depression would not have occurred.
In my opinion, that is a brash and perfunctory judgment that ignored crucial nuance of conditions and assumptions of different economic theories. The rapidly changing nature of nuance will eventually oust economic theories that once served as effective premonition in only one historical era or eras.
****Marriage****
Russell initially preferred 姐弟恋, and married with Alys who was 5 years older than him. But after a few years, he suddenly found his affection to the girl that he wished to be most intellectual and lovely had desisted. His feeling of love towards her was gone, and he made it clear to her.
Although Russell remarried another two times, he seemed never to quell the pursuit of love and never succumb to loneliness. For Russell, paucity of love was tantamount to a bleeding laceration which would drain his alacrity.
****Parental Thoughts****
For Russell, the feeling of being parent was very complex.
“First and foremost, it is sheer animal affection and delight in watching what is charming in the ways of the young. Then, there was responsibility. Then there is an egoistic element, which is very dangerous: the hope that one's children may succeed where one has failed, that they may carry on one's work when death or senility puts an end ot one's own efforts , and, in any case, that they will supply a biological escape from death, making one's own life part of the whole stream, and not a mere stagnant puddle without any overflow into the future. “
****Works and Books****
Books that brought Russell fame:
"Principia Mathematica"
"A History of Western Philosphy"
Books that brought him financial security:
"Marriage and Morals"
"The Conquest of Happiness"
"A History of Western Philosophy"
But I found “Power, a new social analysis” as the most interesting.
The book was intended as a repudiation both of Marx and of the classical economists, not on a point of detail, but on the fundamental assumptions that they shared. Russell argued that power, rather than wealth, should be the basic concept in social theory, and that social justice should consist in equalization of power to the greatest practicable degree. This statement is very profound, since many later sociologists would concur and stipulate power as the rudimentary elements of sociology. It then followed that State ownership of land and capital was no advance and would stymie great prosperity unless the State was democratic, and even then only if methods were devised for curbing the power of officials.
Now, I feel compulsory to give a plethora of thoughts contrued from Russell’s statement above that China is departing from future prosperity due to virulent corruption and the absolute and unchallenged power of officials.
After Russell settled down in the US, he started to write history. The book of the History of Western Philosophy is biased, admitted by Russell himself. He said he does not admit that a person without bias exists, He thought the best that can be done with a large-scale history is to admit one's bias and for dissatisfied readers to look for other writers to express an opposite bias. Which bias is nearer to the truth must be left to posterity. "This point of view on the writing of history makes me prefer my History of Western Philosophy to the Wisdom of the West which was taken from the former, but ironed out and tamed - although I liked the illustrations of Wisdom of the West."
On book of “New Hopes for a Changing world”, He said that wherever there were two possibilities, I emphasized that it might be the happier one which would be realized. "Man new needs for his salvation only one thing: to open his heart to joy, and leave fear to gibber through the glimmering darkness of a forgotten past.”
This gave me some courage in the midst of a timirous mood and a strenuous life.
I intend to end this review with Russell's prologue from his autobiography, in which Russell certainly found what he had lived for :)
Hope this will shed some light on your life too.
Prologue - what i have lived for
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. Theses passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness - that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what - at last - I have found.
WIth equal passion I have sought knowledge, I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.
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I thought the book was underwhelming compared to his other books. When I read Bertrand Russell, I was an emotional atheist and found his works like Why am I not a Christian to be a very compelling read, but as the years have passed and my atheism has waned into agnostic-seeking-defense-of-a-justified belief in God, I found the book wanting me to summon the spirit of Bertrand Russell and ask him questions as to what he actually believes.
One of the things that made the book a cold read at times w
I thought the book was underwhelming compared to his other books. When I read Bertrand Russell, I was an emotional atheist and found his works like Why am I not a Christian to be a very compelling read, but as the years have passed and my atheism has waned into agnostic-seeking-defense-of-a-justified belief in God, I found the book wanting me to summon the spirit of Bertrand Russell and ask him questions as to what he actually believes.
One of the things that made the book a cold read at times was how he inserted correspondence. I thought the correspondence was unnecessary at times and would have rather had took a narrative approach.
I feel that a lot of beyond smart people argue against god because they are so smart that they cannot believe in a supernatural being. I think that is the case with people like Bertrand Russell and Einstein.
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"Our great democracies still tend to think that a stupid man is more likely to be honest than a clever man."
— Bertrand Russell
"Men fear thought as they fear nothing else on earth -- more than ruin -- more even than death.... Thought is subversive and revolutionary, destructive and terrible, thought is merciless to privilege, established institutions, and comfortable habit. Thought looks into the pit of hell and is not afraid. Thought is great and swift and free, the light of the world, and the
"Our great democracies still tend to think that a stupid man is more likely to be honest than a clever man."
— Bertrand Russell
"Men fear thought as they fear nothing else on earth -- more than ruin -- more even than death.... Thought is subversive and revolutionary, destructive and terrible, thought is merciless to privilege, established institutions, and comfortable habit. Thought looks into the pit of hell and is not afraid. Thought is great and swift and free, the light of the world, and the chief glory of man."
— Bertrand Russell
How long does it take to dig a hole?... Big enough for hundreds of thousands of people?... How long does it take to fill up that same hole? Dopes... don't think though, just vote this Fall... and if you do think, Be Sure to vote this Fall.
--- not a Bertrand Russell quote, but mine
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I first found solace in Russell at the tender age of sixteen back in 1992. His ability to write luicid, candid reflections - upon what is all too often repressed - I found particularly refreshing. I was swayed by his atheism for a good six years after which I converted to a form of mystic christianity.
My only dislike is the inclusion of letters from personages that are not mentioned in the main text. This leaves one wondering who they were and what was their significance for Russell. Also he se
I first found solace in Russell at the tender age of sixteen back in 1992. His ability to write luicid, candid reflections - upon what is all too often repressed - I found particularly refreshing. I was swayed by his atheism for a good six years after which I converted to a form of mystic christianity.
My only dislike is the inclusion of letters from personages that are not mentioned in the main text. This leaves one wondering who they were and what was their significance for Russell. Also he seems to have become increasingly glib and externally focused as the years went by. Perhaps his fear of madness lead him to find refuge in external causes and politics.
That said a wonderful read who would have been a secular saint had libido not ravaged his life so dreadfully.
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Your own life, naturally, is a paper life, as you say, a life in which experience comes through books, not directly. For this disease, more books are not the remedy. Only real life is the remedy - but that is hard to get. Real life means a life in some kind of intimate relation to other human beings — Hodder's life of passion has no reality at all. Or again, real life means the experience in one's own person of the emotions which make the material of religion and poetry. The road to it is the sa
Your own life, naturally, is a paper life, as you say, a life in which experience comes through books, not directly. For this disease, more books are not the remedy. Only real life is the remedy - but that is hard to get. Real life means a life in some kind of intimate relation to other human beings — Hodder's life of passion has no reality at all. Or again, real life means the experience in one's own person of the emotions which make the material of religion and poetry. The road to it is the same as that recommended to the man who wanted to found a new religion: Be crucified, and rise again on the third day.
Letter to Lucy- September, 1, 1902
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Very cool and enjoyable.
A life quest 4 truth, happiness and peace, as much as love.
Also he's been one of the few who changed more houses than me in life.
I take issue with the Chicago Tribune's blurb advising literates to steal the thing rather than go without, but I guess it was 1951 and Americans weren't so used to hearing frank discussions of sex. There's an acid charm to Russell's writing, and his social world is inhabited by characters who would not be out of place in Gibbon, but in my opinion, literates looking for substance should stick to his philosophical writings.
Since I liked math, my mother thought to check this out of the library for me to read when I was 14 and home sick from school for a week. It was very well written and it fascinated me, kindling my interest in philosophy. In both philosophy and politics, today I would violently disagree with Russell, but then I knew little about either. Anyway, I still remember some of the more entertaining vignettes.
This was disappointing in many ways. It was thin and almost mean compared with Dora in the Tamarisk Tree. She is obviously a very minor character in his story of 'myself' and there were times I really disliked him. Of course there were many times when I did like him, and forgave him, but this was not quite the inspiration that I thought it would be.
Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM, FRS, was a Welsh philosopher, historian, logician, mathematician, advocate for social reform, pacifist, and prominent rationalist. Although he was usually regarded as English, as he spent the majority of his life in England, he was born in Wales, where he also died.
He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950 "in recognition of his var
Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM, FRS, was a Welsh philosopher, historian, logician, mathematician, advocate for social reform, pacifist, and prominent rationalist. Although he was usually regarded as English, as he spent the majority of his life in England, he was born in Wales, where he also died.
He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950 "in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought."
“(on A History of Western Philosophy) I was sometimes accused by reviewers of writing not a true history but a biased account of the events that I arbitrarily chose to write of. But to my mind, a man without a bias cannot write interesting history - if, indeed, such man exists.”
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“I hate the world and almost all the people in it. I hate the Labour Congress and the journalists who send men to be slaughtered, and the fathers who feel a smug pride when their sons are killed, and even the pacifists who keep saying human nature is essentially good, in spite of all the daily proofs to the contrary. I hate the planet and the human race—I am ashamed to belong to such a species.”
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