Texas native James Farmer is one of the “Big Four” of the turbulent 1960s civil rights movement, along with Martin Luther King Jr., Roy Wilkins, and Whitney Young. Farmer might be called the forgotten man of the movement, overshadowed by Martin Luther King Jr., who was deeply influenced by Farmer’s interpretation of Gandhi’s concept of nonviolent protest.
Born in Marshall,
Texas native James Farmer is one of the “Big Four” of the turbulent 1960s civil rights movement, along with Martin Luther King Jr., Roy Wilkins, and Whitney Young. Farmer might be called the forgotten man of the movement, overshadowed by Martin Luther King Jr., who was deeply influenced by Farmer’s interpretation of Gandhi’s concept of nonviolent protest.
Born in Marshall, Texas, in 1920, the son of a preacher, Farmer grew up with segregated movie theaters and “White Only” drinking fountains. This background impelled him to found the Congress of Racial Equality in 1942. That same year he mobilized the first sit-in in an all-white restaurant near the University of Chicago. Under Farmer’s direction, CORE set the pattern for the civil rights movement by peaceful protests which eventually led to the dramatic “Freedom Rides” of the 1960s.
In
Lay Bare the Heart
Farmer tells the story of the heroic civil rights struggle of the 1950s and 1960s. This moving and unsparing personal account captures both the inspiring strengths and human weaknesses of a movement beset by rivalries, conflicts and betrayals. Farmer recalls meetings with Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt, Jack and Bobby Kennedy, Adlai Stevenson (for whom he had great respect), and Lyndon Johnson (who, according to Farmer, used Adam Clayton Powell Jr., to thwart a major phase of the movement).
James Farmer has courageously worked for dignity for all people in the United States. In this book, he tells his story with forthright honesty.
First published in 1985 by Arbor House, this edition contains a new foreword by Don Carleton, director of the Dolph BriscoeCenter for American History at the University of Texas at Austin, and a new preface.
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Paperback
,
370 pages
Published
June 1st 1998
by Texas Christian University Press
(first published 1985)
This book is an essential on the Civil Rights movement. Mr. Farmer was involved in this movement prior to World War II. He was living in Chicago trying to integrate restaurants, skating arcades and the like. It was a constant struggle, it was draining, and it was certainly not lucrative. The people involved in this work for racial equality needed dedication and resilience in abundance.
Mr. Farmer met a wide variety of people from Eleanor Roosevelt, Malcolm X, A.J. Muste, and Presidents – and he p
This book is an essential on the Civil Rights movement. Mr. Farmer was involved in this movement prior to World War II. He was living in Chicago trying to integrate restaurants, skating arcades and the like. It was a constant struggle, it was draining, and it was certainly not lucrative. The people involved in this work for racial equality needed dedication and resilience in abundance.
Mr. Farmer met a wide variety of people from Eleanor Roosevelt, Malcolm X, A.J. Muste, and Presidents – and he provides us with keen observations on these individuals.
The influence of Gandhi on Mr. Farmer is evident from the beginnings of his involvement in Civil Rights work. He always ensured that individuals in CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) were not hot-heads who could deliberately trigger white retaliation. This would have caused more problems, particularly in the Deep South where the white power structure was firmly entrenched. There were times however, when CORE and Mr. Farmer were in imminent danger of being lynched, and had to use the help or aid of the black community who did possess firearms.
This book is strong in all aspects – during his early childhood in Texas he had to “learn” to drink at the coloured water fountain. His constant preoccupation with “the movement” took a toll on his personal life – he acknowledges not being an effective parent to his two daughters and that it was his wife, Lulu, who was primarily responsible for their good upbringing.
There were times when I felt that Mr. Farmer overlooks the role other individuals (like John Lewis) and groups (SNCC) had in the spreading of the great cause of racial equality. For instance SNCC had a significant role in Mississippi, but does not get due credit. Nevertheless this is a tremendous personal account of this dynamic period in American history.
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I've been attempting to fill in some gaps in my education and understanding in a personal quest to understand and be more compassionate of others. As a family, we were watching the movie "THe Great Debaters", which led me to interest in James Farmer (the young kid on the debate team). Lay Bear the Heart is his autobiography, and with it, the history of the civil rights movement in America. Farmer was a brilliant, highly educated, extraordinarily brave, devout Christian man. This is an important
I've been attempting to fill in some gaps in my education and understanding in a personal quest to understand and be more compassionate of others. As a family, we were watching the movie "THe Great Debaters", which led me to interest in James Farmer (the young kid on the debate team). Lay Bear the Heart is his autobiography, and with it, the history of the civil rights movement in America. Farmer was a brilliant, highly educated, extraordinarily brave, devout Christian man. This is an important book for all Americans, especially white Americans.
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Dr. Farmer was one of my favorite professors in college--such an amazing man with the most powerful stories to tell. This book will always have a special place on my shelves.
This is one of the autobiographies that reveals more than the author would like I think, and I didn't especially like James Farmer a great deal. Much as I admire the Congress of Racial Equality and the Freedom Rides and some of the stands Farmer took along with those he worked with. I found it a bit sanctimonious and prudish and self-serving, in addition to the fact that he seemed to really buy into the virulent anti-communism sponsored by HUAC and others. So when he talks about how the movement
This is one of the autobiographies that reveals more than the author would like I think, and I didn't especially like James Farmer a great deal. Much as I admire the Congress of Racial Equality and the Freedom Rides and some of the stands Farmer took along with those he worked with. I found it a bit sanctimonious and prudish and self-serving, in addition to the fact that he seemed to really buy into the virulent anti-communism sponsored by HUAC and others. So when he talks about how the movement developed and the roles played by people such as A.J. Muste and Bayard Rustin and A. Phillip Randolph, it was impossible to judge how much his point of view differed from what my own would have been. Especially as there are a lot of unpleasant little digs in here, at all those listed above and others in the civil rights movement like Martin Luther King. I won't start on his relationship with his first wife. But it is fascinating how such a man ended up in Southern jails, often spoke somehow for the more militant side of the non-violent movement (though he seemed to be a brakeman unless radicalism served his ambition, though I could be wronging him. The decision to go forward with the freedom rides was a courageous one, the decision to go against the Kennedys another. I am curious to know how much they were really his). So it's hard to how much you can take from this about the movement itself, as it seems principally to reflect the strengths and weaknesses of its author.
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One of my professors participated in the freedom rides, listening to him talk made me hunt down this book. A wonderful read, a valuable lesson in humanism and non-violence.
James Farmer was one of the most impressive human beings I have ever had the privilege to know, even a little. This volume presents his vision and his courage, as well as his fears and doubts.
Because when I had class with him, he was blind from years of teargas, to sign my copy, I placed his hand on the book.
For all I've read about the Civil Rights Movement, I didn't really know anything about James Farmer or CORE. Not only did this book fill in a lot of gaps for me historically, it's an extremely well written piece of literature.